Pleurectomy-decortication (P/D) was first popularized in the mid 1950s as a surgical method for treating entrapped lung that developed as a complication of tuberculous empyema. P/D evolved as a treatment for a variety of lung pathologies including other infectious empyemas, effusive metastatic disease, and pleural metastases. As diffuse malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) came to prominence in 1960, when Wagner and coworkers described MPM in asbestos mine workers from South Africa, P/D was one method adapted and utilized for treating MPM. A rare disease with an incidence of just under 1 per 100,000 in the United States, cases of MPM have increased since the 1970s with an estimated 2000 to 3000 new diagnoses in America each year. Today, MPM remains a lethal cancer without consensus regardi...
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